RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN THE NEWBORN

Respiratory Distress in the Newborn (<48 hrs) Detailed pregnancy and delivery history Respiratory Upper Airway Congenital upper airway obstruction (e.g., Choanal atresia, Laryngomalacia) Airway compression (e.g., Congenital neck mass, Mediastinal mass) Lower Airway Pneumonia Transient tachypnea of the newborn Respiratory distress syndrome Pneumothorax Meconium aspiration / Meconium pneumonitis Congenital lung anomalies Cardiovascular Congenital Heart Disease* Cyanotic Heart Lesions Truncus Arteriosus Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Tricuspid Atresia Transposition of the Great Arteries Tetralogy of Fallot Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Pulmonary Atresia Acyanotic Heart Lesions Coarctation of the Aorta Critical Aortic Stenosis Large AVSD Neuromuscular (May present with irregular breathing rather than respiratory distress) Seizure Birth trauma (e.g., Hypoxic brain injury, CNS bleed, Birth asphyxia) Congenital CNS malformation Drugs: Narcotics / Sedatives Chest wall deformities Genetic neuromuscular disease (e.g., Congenital myotonic dystrophy, Spinal muscular atrophy, Congenital myopathies) Other Sepsis Hypoglycemia Metabolic disease Gastrointestinal (e.g., Diaphragmatic hernia) Hypothermia or hyperthermia Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension * Indicates Key Condition Potentially acutely life-threatening presentation This is not an exhaustive list of medical conditions.